Here is a chronological summary of how Turkey has come to the brink
of a fundamentalist religious state for which the role of our Western
allies(!) can not be underestimated! The below account should also be
quite informative for those who think that the Justice and
Development Party (AKP) is solely responsible for the present state
of affairs in this country.
February 4, 1949: Two perverts recite the holy call to prayer (Ezan)
in the Turkish Grand National Assembly (TBMM).
February 15, 1949: Proposal for teaching "religion courses" in grade
schools on a voluntary basis.
March 1, 1950: Abolishment by the Republican People's Party (present
opposition party CHP) of the secular law (number 677) banning the
activities of "Tekkes" and "Turbes" mystical islamic worship houses
where people were brainwashed for the life herafter denying science,
technology and development. Those establishments that belonged to
Turkish historical figures and those which had artistic merit were re-
opened to the public by the Ministry of National Education (!)
Nineteen Türbes were opened as a first step.
April 12, 1950: Showdown by regressive religionists exploiting
religon for their political ends during the Funeral ceremony of
Fieldmarshall Fevzi Çakmak (one of the heroic army commanders during
the Independence War).
May 29, 1950: The prime minister of the time Baþbakan Menderes, by
declaring that "Only those gains of the Turkish revolution that have
been digested by the nation will be kept" gives the first clue to the
anti-revolutionary regressive people to counter attach the secular
state.
June 16, 1950: The ban on reciting the call for prayer (Ezan) in
Arabic is lifted.
July 5, 1950: The ban on broadcasting religious programs is lifted.
October 21, 1950: Ministry of National Education makes religious
training in public schools compulsary.
December 3, 1950: The law (number 12073) passed on September 23, 1931
which put a ban on secrete or open education in Arabic script is
lifted, thus paving the way for the establishment of Koranic courses
and school of Islamic Preaching and Oratory (Imam and Hatip schools).
Recep Tayyip Erdogan is a graduate of one of these schools.
1953: Rural Institutues (secondary education institutions which were
the landmarks of contemporary education in villages) were converted
to primary schools.
1953: By a change of law expressing one's political ideas or making
public satements to that effect by a University professor were
declared to be criminal acts that would cause his/her eviction from
the universities.
1954: A law was passed to retire those academicians who completed
their 25 years in the universities and gave the Ministry the
authority to appoint academicians to the service of the government or
to evict them from their positions at the universities.
1955: The primer Minister of the time Adnan Menderes addressed his
supporters in the Democratic Party National Assembly group as
follows: "Your are so powerful that if you wish right at this moment
you can even change the Constitutuion and reinstate the Caliphate".
1956 : Menderes declares to the public in Konya that religion courses
will be put in the curriculum of middle schools.
September 13, 1956: Elective religion courses are put in the
curriculum of Middle Schools.
1957: Prime Minister Menderes concludes his public speech in Ödemiþ
(a small western town) like a village preacher by saying that: "May
God save us all from the evil of infidels". As the general elections
came closer he could not hold himself and promised people the
following: "We will make Istanbul the second Mecca (the holy city in
Saudi Arabia) and Eyyüp Sultan (the thomb of an Ýmam recognized as a
shrine by conservative masses) the second "Kaba".
February 14, 1957: Prime Minister Menderes donates 100.000 TL to the
Organization for building the Kocatepe Mosque in Ankara for the
construction of that mosque.
May 19, 1957: Prime Minister Menderes explained to the people of
Kayseri (a mid Anatolian province the inhabitants of which are famous
for their religious conservatism) that "In the past seven years of
his administration (Democratic Party) 15.000 new mosques were built
and with Süleymaniye (the manumental mosque which is named after
Solomon the Law maker) in the first place, 86 mosques were repaired;
and to comemorate the 500th aniversary of this mosque Moslems would
be invited to Istanbul."
1957 - 1958: Elective religion courses were put in the curricula of
Lycees (High Schools).
1959: Higher Institutes of Islam were opened to train religion
teachers.
May 27, 1960: Menderes' goevernment was overthrown by the Military
and Menderes and three of his cabinet members were executed after a
long trial held in 1961.
June 26, 1965: Minister of National Education Cihat Bilgehan gave
the good news that those who are graduates of "Ýmam Hatip" schools
would be elegible to teach in grade schools.
April 15 1966: Fundamentalist assaults on Atatürk's busts and statues
continued.
May 31, 1966: Demirel addressing people in Kayseri to divert their
attention to other matters said the following: "There exist no
conditions in Turkey today that would allow the proliferation of
regressive fundamentalists."
May 17, 1967: The right to enroll in the universities is recognized
to graduates of Imam Hatip schools.
August 20, 1967: Ground breaking ceremony of Islamic Institute took
place in Izmir.
December 1967: Fast breaking dinners begin to be served in the Grand
National Assembly.
February 21, 1968: Minister of National Education Ýlhami Ertem
declares: "Our goal as the government is to establish an Ýmam Hatip
school in every province."
February 19, 1969: A bodyguard of imperialism by the name of Mehmet
Þevki Eygi provokes religious extremists to attack the patriotic
youngsters protesting the US Navy 6th Fleet in Istanbul. That day
came to be known as "Black Sunday" thereafter.
October 1, 1969: One day before the elections the press reports that
Justice Party (of Demirel) is handing out Qurans to people.
January 26, 1974: Milli Selamet Party (National Salvation Party of
Erbakan) gains 48 seats in the parliament in the general elections
1974 – 1977: Religious Culture and Ethics course is made compulsory
in secondary schools.
1975–1976: Seventy Imam Hatip schools were opened in one year.
1976–1977: Seventyseven more Imam Hatip schools were opened during
the year.
1977–1978: Eightysix more Imam Hatip schools are opened during the
year. Suleyman Demirel was the prime minister throughout these last
three years.
December 21-25, 1978: According to official reports, 111 people died
and hundreds were wounded in the events that took place during this
period in Kahramanmaraþ (a southeastern province). Buildings of
leftist parties and associations were put on fire and Moslems were
called to Jihad; "Moslem Turks Fight for God!" slogans were painted
on the walls. In spite of all of this Demirel said: "You can not make
me say that rightist nationalists are committing murders".
June 12, 1979: Chairman of Natioanal Salvation Party (MSP) Necmettin
Erbakan spoke as follows: "Week-end holiday should be shifted to
Friday. Marriage licenses should be issued by Muftis (a religious
adminstrative post). Quran courses should be incorporated into school
curricula. Why don't the school books in this country begin with the
name of Allah?"
July 4, 1980: Fiftyeight people were assasinated in Çorum (a province
in the Black Sea) region). During these events Demirel was
saying: "Never mind Çorum, turn to Fatsa" (a town know as the
fortress of leftists).
July 22, 1980: Kemal Turker the president of Turkis Workers Union was
assasinated (killer still at large).
September 7, 1980: The following slogans were shouted during a
meeting organized in Konya (a central province) by MSP (The National
Salvation Party): "Ateist state will surely be destroyed..... The
rule of Sheria will come.... Secularism is ateism.... Quran is the
constitution... Either Sheria or death....We are ready for Jeehad
(holi war)."
September 12, 1980: The Turkish generals of the day whom Americans
called "our boys" made a coup d'eta abolishing all the political
parties and civil organizations. An all out war against democratic
institutions was started. Unleashed brutal force, cruelty and torture
reached their climaxes. The enlightened factions of the country were
smashed. Even the author of these lines took his share by being
tortured for 92 days. The architect of the regressive 12 September
coup, Kenan Evren who favored religious unity rather than national
unity, regarded people as an "Ummet" (religious congregation) instead
of a nation, added religious motifs even to his daily speeches,
declared in one speech in Çanakkale (a city on the Dardanelles) on
August 10, 1981: "We are going to kiss the hands of the respectable
clergy" [1].
Machiavelli had said: "In fact there exists no extraordinary
legislative body on earth which has not appealed to God, otherwise
noone would abide by the laws enacted. In reality a wiseman posseses
much knowledge beneficial to others. But this same knowledge does not
offer enough reason to convince others."[2]
June 16, 1983: The military rule put in reinforcement the law number
2842 and made it possible for Imam-Hatip (religious vocational high
schools) graduates to apply for admission to Universities. As if this
was not enough, article 31 of law number 1739 was modified so as to
pave the way for the employment of Mosque Imams (preachers) as Grade
School teachers.
Following the America oriented 12 September coup, while candidacy in
the upcoming elections of the son of Ismet Inonu (second to Mustafa
Kemal during the Independence War) was vetoed, the candidacy of
Turgut Ozal, a member of the Nakshibendi congregation was permitted
so that the latter climbed eventually up to the presidency of the
republic! Ozal's comment that "we would not be able make it to the
government were it not for the 12 September coup" was published in
national newspapers on August 8, 1987.
March 1987: Demirel, in defiance of the principle that the Law of
Unitary Education is a revolutionary law stated: "Politics will not
overrule religion, but as it does in the enjoyment of other rights
politics will serve religion. There is nothing unusual in this.. The
Law of Unitary Education is not a holy script. If Quran courses and
religious training are in opposition to the law, it is the Law that
is in error not religion. All arguments claiming that secularism is
being violated are at one point attempts to put under pressure the
freedom of faith and religion." [3]
1989: Article 163 of Turkish Penal Code which forbids establishment
of a religious state in Turkey was repealed. All the intellectuals
who opposed this act started to be assasinated one by one.
December 28, 1989: Wearing headscarfs in the universities was allowed.
January 31, 1990: Prof. Dr. Muammer Aksoy a renowned law professor
was assasinated (killer still unknown).
March 7, 1990: Cetin Emec, a prominent journalist was assasinated
(killer still unknown).
September 4, 1990: Turan Dursun, a famous writer was assasinated
(killer still unknown).
October 6, 1990: Prof. Dr. Bahriye Üçok a prominent professor and an
authority on Islam was assasinated (killer still unknown).
January 24, 1993: Ugur Mumcu, a prominent investigative journalist
went victim to a bomb plot two days after publishing his article
titled "The Officer Imam".
July 2, 1993: On the third day of the traditional Pir Sultan Abdal
cultural festivities in Sivas (an eastern province) sunni moslems
gave a blood bath to the city. Thirtyseven of the most highly
esteemed intellectuals, philosphers, scientists, artists and writers
ever raised in our country were burned alive. The common slogans of
those most of whom came to the city from neighboring towns and put
the Madýmak Hotel on fire were as follows: "Victory to Islam... The
republic was founded in Sivas and will be torn down in
Sivas!...Sheria will come and persecution will end..., Down with
secularism..."
March 27, 1994: Electoral votes of the Refah Partisi (Welware party
of Erbakan) continued to rise in the local elections. Municipal
governments of 22 precincts and Metropolitan Municapalities of Ankara
and were taken by the Refah Partisi. These were to be the milestones
of national political power of the future. Erbakan declared: "Refah
Parti will surely take over the power. The question is, will the
transition be harsh or soft? Will it be bloody or bloodless? Sixty
million people will decide this." When announcing their decisions of
April 5, 1994 Erbakan said: "we have torn down the last zionist
state" implying the gains of the Kemalist state in social life.
November 10, 1994: A wild assault was made on Atatürk moseleum. The
attacker was screaming: "Do not bow to stones and bones. Stones can
not save you. I am inviting you to the Quran".
January 11, 1995: Renowned theatre critique Onat Kutlar was
assasinated (killer still unknown)
January 9, 1996: Journalist Metin Goktepe was assasinated (killer
still unknown)
1997: The Mayor of Sincan (a county of Ankara) a member of Refah
Partisi, Bekir Yýldýz declared: "Seculars will be innoculated with
Sheria. "
1997: A parliament member of Refah Partisi, Sevket Yilmaz said: "God
will ask you the following question: Why didn't you work for an
Islamic State in the face of an infidels?"
Hasan Huseyin Ceylan, another PM from Refah parti: "My brothers, this
land is ours but not the regime, the regime and Kemalism belongs to
others, gentlemen Turkey will be torn down!"
Kayseri Mayor Sukru Karatepe: (for the comemoration Atatürk) "I am
participating these ceremonies with my blood freezing in my veins.
This system must change. We have waited, we will wait a little more.
Who knows what's in store. Moslems should not let their hate and
fervor fade away".
Mayor of Sanlýurfa (a southeastern province) Celik, "I want
bloodshed. This is how democracy will come, it will be just fine".
Finally in February 1997: The successor of Turgut Ozal, Prime
Minister Necmettin Erbakan invited the most notorious religion
exploiters during a fast breaking dinner at the residence of the
Ministry thus escalting tensions. By changing the definition of
secularism they declared "secularism means freedom for
religion", "and religion is unifying and necessary". The national
educational system produced set of minds such as that of Tayyip
Erdoðan who yearned for a Sheria state and who could say: "if we gain
power we will conduct a referandum whether or not to allow alcoholic
beverages". We have no doubt any more that these same minds if gained
political power and had enough courrage will take to referanda the
black veil for women, Arabic alphabet and polygami and will coerce
the society to accept these practices using the international Islamic
capital and exploiting religion.
October 21, 1999: Renowned academician and writer Prof. Dr. Ahmet
Taner Kýslalý was assasinated (killer still unknown)
December 18, 2002: Renowned academician and writer Prof Dr. Necib
Hablemitoðlu was assasinated (killer still unknown)
And now the treaty of Sevres which put an end to the Ottoman Empire
is once again smiling at us at our door step!
You know the rest.
------------------------------------
Sema Karaoglu, Founder Meltem Birkegren, Director
www.DofA.org
www.wearetheturks.org
Daughters of Atatürk is proud to promote Turkish Heritage across the globe. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk shaped the legacy we proudly inherited.
His integrity and dynamism and vision constantly inspires us. We are thankful to him for walking the untrodden path, achieving the unimaginable dream, living the eternal vision. We are the Turks, we are the future of Turkey.Yahoo! Groups Links
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